How campaigns are typically funded
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Campaigns are usually funded through some mix of individual donations, grants from funding bodies, membership contributions and in kind support such as donated time or venue space, with the exact balance depending heavily on the campaign's size and the issue it addresses. No single funding source suits every campaign, which is part of why this mix looks so different from one effort to the next.
Smaller, grassroots campaigns often rely more heavily on small individual donations and volunteer time, while larger, longer running campaigns may seek grants or institutional funding that can sustain paid staff and more extensive activity over a longer period. The scale of ambition a campaign holds tends to shape which funding sources are even realistically available to it.
The funding mix a campaign chooses shapes more than its budget, since different funding sources come with different expectations around reporting, timelines and sometimes influence over priorities, which is worth weighing carefully rather than accepting the first available source without question. That early choice often echoes through a campaign's culture for years afterward.